Insecticides
Of all pesticides applied, 10,599 lbs (8.2% of the total) were insecticides, including 13 different A.I.’s (Table 8). Frequency of use of the insecticides by the turfgrass managers ranged from <1 to 41% of those replying to the survey. Table 8 lists seven commonly used insecticide A.I.’s, of which three were used by approximately 20% or more of the turfgrass managers surveyed.
| Table 8. Ohio Turfgrass Pesticide Use Report for 2001 by Active Ingredient (A.I.) – Pesticide Type, Insecticide, and Minor-Use Insecticide. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active Ingredient (A.I.) | Applicators Who Used A.I. (%) | A.I. Used (lbs) | Total Pounds of A.I. Used (%) | Mean Pounds of A.I. Used Per Acre (lbs/A) |
| Bifenthrin | 0.9% | 147.5 | 0.1% | 0.038 |
| Carbaryl | 3.0% | 333.0 | 0.3% | 1.303 |
| Chlorpyrifos | 20.5% | 2,654.0 | 2.1% | 0.952 |
| Diazinon | 7.8% | 347.8 | 0.3% | 1.404 |
| Halofenozide | 9.0% | 696.0 | 0.5% | 0.305 |
| Imidacloprid | 41.0% | 1,572.7 | 1.2% | 0.101 |
| Trichlorfon | 19.3% | 4,542.3 | 3.5% | 0.775 |
| Minor-Use Insecticides | ||||
| Acephate | <1.0% | 54.0 | <0.1% | 0.012 |
| Bifenazate | <1.0% | 11.0 | <0.1% | 0.002 |
| Cyfluthrin | <1.0% | 11.0 | <0.1% | 0.002 |
| Deltamethrin | 4.8% | 48.8 | <0.1% | 0.203 |
| Oftanol | <1.0% | 140.0 | <0.1% | 0.031 |
| Permethrin | 3.6% | 39.6 | <0.1% | 0.356 |
The most frequently used insecticide was imidacloprid with 41% of the respondents having used it. The two other most frequently used insecticides were chlorpyrifos and trichlorfon, used by 20.5% and 19.3% respectively.
Quantities of each A.I. used ranged from 11 to 4,542 lbs (Table 8), including 4,542 lbs of trichlorfon, 2,654 lbs of chlorpyrifos, and 1,573 lbs of imidacloprid. Although respondents used a smaller quantity of imidacloprid than chlorpyrifos or trichlorfon, imidacloprid was used on a greater number of acres.
The 1,573 lbs of imidacloprid reported would be enough to treat approximately 5,242 acres of turfgrass at the lowest labeled rate of 0.3 lbs A.I. per acre, or 3,932 acres at the highest labeled rate of 0.4 lbs A.I. per acre. The amount of chlorpyrifos reported used would treat 2,654 acres at the low rate of 1 lb of A.I. per acre, or 663 acres at the high rate of 4 lbs A.I. per acre. And the amount of trichlorfon reported used would treat approximately 841 acres at the low rate of 5.4 lbs of A.I. per acre or 561 acres at the high rate of 8.1 lbs per acre.
Assuming that all three of these insecticides were used on different areas, the maximum number of acres that could have been treated using all three materials at their lowest labeled rate would have been 8,737 acres, or 28.4% of the acreage reported. Chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and trichlorfon account for 82.7% of the total pounds of insecticide reported. Thus, one can conclude that respondents treated less than 30% of the turfgrass acreage under their management with any type of insecticide.
The six insecticides used in quantities of 140 pounds or less (Table 8) are classified as minor-use insecticides for this report. Most of these minor-use insecticides were used by less than 1% of the respondents, and each accounted for less than 0.1% of all the pesticide A.I.’s reported. Many of these products were used for spot treatments only.