Ornamental Plants
Annual Reports and Research Reviews 2002

Special Circular 189

Edited By James A. Chatfield Joseph F. Boggs Erik A. Draper Pamela J. Bennett Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Ohio State University Extension Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University

January 2003 Special Circular 189 Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center In Partnership With Ohio State University Extension

Ohio State University President Karen A. Holbrook examines crabapple samples presented by James A. Chatfield, Northeast District Specialist and Assistant State Specialist, Horticulture. The samples are from crabapples growing in the University's Secrest Arboretum on the Wooster campus of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. A portion of the Arboretum appears behind Holbrook and Chatfield.

Contents

1. Ohio State University Extension Nursery, Landscape, and Turf Team Directory: 2003
   Jack Kerrigan
   • Our Vision
   • Our Mission
   • An Invitation
   • Team Members
   • Buckeye Yard and Garden Line

2. Floriculture Industry Roundtable of Ohio: 2003
   Charles Behnke
   • Our Mission
   • Serving You
   • Team Members
   • Floriculture Industry Roundtable of Ohio Activities

3. Ohio State University Extension 2002
   Buckeye Yard and Garden Line Evaluation Survey
   Amy K. Stone and James A. Chatfield
   • Summary
   • Introduction
   • Survey Results
   • Selected Comments

4. Weather, Environmental, and Cultural Problems of Ornamental Plants in Ohio: 2002
   Pamela J. Bennett
   • Introduction
   • Discussion
   • Table 1. 2002 Statewide Precipitation January through September.
   • Table 2. Average Temperatures and Departures from Normal, January through September 2002, for Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati.
   • Table 3. Number of Days 90°F or Above, June through September 2002, for Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati.
   • Environmental Effects on Ornamental Plants
   • Cultural Problems on Ornamental Plants
   • References

5. Infectious Disease Problems of Ornamental Plants in Ohio: 2002
   James A. Chatfield, Nancy A. Taylor, Erik A. Draper, and Joseph F. Boggs
   • Introduction
   • Horticulturalist, Cleanse Thyself
   • Hollyhock Rust
   • Oak Wilt
   • Diagnosing Conifer Diseases
   • Powdery Mildews
   • Downy Mildew on Cranberrybush Viburnum
   • Ash Anthracnose Study
   • Disease — Not!
   • Bacterial Fireblight
   • BYGLosophys

6. A Biological Calendar for Predicting Pest Activity:
   Six Years of Plant and Insect Phenology in Secrest Arboretum
   Daniel A. Herms
   • Summary
   • Introduction
   • Methods and Materials
   • Results and Discussion
   • Literature Cited
   • Table 1. A Biological Calendar for Wooster, Ohio, from 1997-2002.

7. Biological Suppression of Foliar Diseases of Ornamental Plants with Composted Manures, Biosolids, and Trichoderma hamatum
   Harry A. J. Hoitink, Carol A. Musselman, Terry L. Moore, Leona E. Horst, Charles R. Krause, Randy A. Zondag, and Hannah Mathers
   • Summary
   • Introduction
   • Methods and Materials
   • Results and Discussion
     • Suppression of Powdery Mildew of Begonia with Composted Dairy Manure and T382
     • Suppression of Botryosphaeria Stem Blight and Dieback on Myrica pensylvanica Induced by T382 in a Composted Biosolids-Amended Container Medium
     • Effects of Composted Cow Manure and T382 on Growth of Perennials and Ground Cover Plants
     • Suppression of Phytophthora Leaf Blight and Stem Dieback of Pieris japonica with T382
     • Preliminary Data on Growth in Composted Swine-Manure-Amended Media
   • Conclusions
   • Acknowledgments
   • References

8. Growth and Water Use by Four Leguminous Tree Species in Containers on a Gravel Surface or Embedded in Mulch
   Michael Knee, Daniel K. Struve, Michael H. Bridgewater, and Joseph W. Phillips
   • Introduction
   • Materials and Methods
   • Results
   • Discussion
   • References

9. The Effects of Sprayer Configuration on Efficacy for the Control of Scab on Crabapple
   Charles R. Krause, Richard C. Derksen, Leona E. Horst, Randall Zondag, Ross D. Brazee, Michael G. Klein, and Michael E. Reding
   • Introduction
   • Materials and Methods
     • Plant Materials
     • Treatments
     • Bioassay and Leaf Analysis
     • Disease Evaluation
     • Weather Stations
   • Results and Discussion
   • Acknowledgments
   • Disclaimer
   • References

10. Update on Honeylocust Knot
    Pierluigi Bonello, Maria Bellizzi, and Harry A. J. Hoitink
    • Introduction
    • Chronology
    • Current Distribution
    • Symptomatology
    • Current Research
    • Outlook
    • Acknowledgments
    • References

11. Control of Phytophthora and Other Major Diseases of Ericaceous Plants
    Harry A. J. Hoitink, Steven T. Nameth, and James C. Locke
    • Introduction
      • The Life Cycle of Phytophthora Diseases
      • Disease Prevention During Propagation
      • Propagation Fungicide Schedule
      • Control of Dieback
      • Other Dieback Diseases
      • Control of Root Rots
      • Cultural Practices
      • Root Rot Fungicides
      • Resistant Varieties

12. Is Your Landscape Mulch Going Up In Smoke?
    Larry G. Steward, T. Davis Sydnor, and Bert Bishop
    • Introduction
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results and Discussion
      • Cigarette Trials
      • Match Tests
      • Torch Tests
    • Literature Cited

13. IR-4 Ornamental Trials Conducted by USDA-ARS in Ohio: 2002
    Betsy A. Anderson, Michael E. Reding, Michael G. Klein, and Charles R. Krause
    • Summary
    • Introduction
    • Methods and Materials
    • Results
    • Note
    • Acknowledgments
    • Disclaimer
    • Table 1. These 64 Tests Were Conducted by USDA-ARS in Wooster and Lake County, Ohio During 2002.

14. Research on Black Vine Weevil and White Grubs in Ornamental Nurseries in Ohio by USDA-ARS
    Michael E. Reding, Michael G. Klein, Ross D. Brazee, and Charles R. Krause
    • Introduction
    • Black Vine Weevil Research
    • Research on White Grubs
    • Acknowledgmets
    • Disclaimer

15. Herbaceous Ornamental Field Trial Results in Clark County, Ohio 2002
    Pamela J. Bennett
    • Introduction
    • Method
    • Weather Information
    • Table 2. Monthly Ratings and Overall Ratings for the 2002 Field Trials in Clark County, Ohio. Ratings Are in Order of Highest to Lowest Overall Rating.

16. Results of Annual Trial Gardens at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden for 2002
    Dave Dyke
    • Table 1. 2002 Best-of-the-Best Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden Annuals Picks.

17. Ohio State University Learning Garden Annual Cultivar Trials
    Monica M. Kmetz-González and Claudio C. Pasian
    • Introduction
    • Previous Trials
    • Current Trials
    • Results
      • Summer Annuals 2002 — Cuphea Species Trial
        • Table 2. The Top 25 Cuphea Species from The Ohio State University Summer 2002 Trial.
      • 2000-2001 Pansy and Viola Cultivar Trail
        • Table 3. Top 22 Cultivars from The Ohio State University 2001-02 Pansy Trial: Fall 2001.
        • Table 4. Overall Ranking of Cultivars from The Ohio State University 2001-02 Viola Trial: Fall 2001.
        • Table 5. Top 22 Cultivars from The Ohio State University 2001-02 Pansy Trial: Spring 2002.
        • Table 6. Overall Ranking of Cultivars from The Ohio State University 2001-02 Viola Trial: Spring 2002.

18. A Collection of Crabapple Knowledge from Secrest Arboretum: 1993-2002
    Erik A. Draper, James A. Chatfield, and Kenneth D. Cochran
    • Introduction
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results and Discussion
    • Table 1. Fruit Color, Fruit Size, Bloom Color, Tree Form, Scab Rating, and Mature Tree Size of Crabapples at Secrest Arboretum.
    • Table 2. Aesthetic Profiles of Crabapples in Secrest Arboretum.
    • Selected References

19. Key Results of the 2001 Ohio Green Industry Survey
    Gary Y. Gao, John J. Smith, James A. Chatfield, Joseph F. Boggs, Erik A. Draper, and Hannah Mathers
    • Ohio Nursery and Landscape Industry
    • The Ohio Nursery and Landscape Industry Is Many Businesses Working Together
    • The Ohio Green Goods Industry Is Providing Employment Opportunities
    • The Ohio Nursery and Landscape Industry Is Contributing to Ohio's Economy
    • Benchmarking One Segment of the Ohio Nursery and Landscape Industry
    • Survey Background
    • References
    • Acknowledgments

20. The USDA/Agricultural Research Service Research Weather Network in Lake County, Ohio 2002 Update
    R. D. Brazee, R. C. Derksen, C. R. Krause, K. A. Williams, D. Lohnes, M. G. Klein, M. Reding, R. Lyons, W. Hendricks, R. Zondag, R. D. Fox, and D. Herms
    • Introduction
    • The Weather Stations
    • Weather Instrumentation
      • Wind Speed and Direction
      • Air Temperature and Relative Humidity
      • Solar Radiation
      • Atmospheric Pressure
      • Soil Temperature
      • Rain and Snow
      • Data Logging System and Data Access
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgments

21. The OSU Chadwick Arboretum Learning Gardens
    Dr. Steven Still and Annette Duetz
    • The van Fossen Wildflower Garden
    • The Kleinmaier Perennial Garden
    • Shade Bed, West of Howlett Hall's Main Entrance
    • Annual Displays Throughout the Year
    • Mayhew Scholarship

22. Choosing Soil Testing Labs
    Gary Y, Gao, Maurice E. Watson, Joseph F. Boggs, and James A. Chatfield
    • How Do You Choose a Soil Testing Lab?
    • Factors to Consider
      • Test Methods
      • Laboratory Proficiency
      • Laboratory's NAPT Results
      • Other Customers
      • Units of Results
      • Categories of Quantity
      • Lime and Fertilizer Recommendations
      • Turn-Around Time
      • Visiting the Laboratory
      • Reference Check Samples
      • Charting Quality Control
      • Sample Information and Test Result Forms
      • Test Kits
      • Production Professionals
      • Laboratory Test Prices
      • Other Testing Services
    • Soil and Tissue Testing Labs
    • References

23. Top Horticultural References for a Green Industry Professional's Library
    Gary Y. Gao and Pamela J. Bennett
    • General References
    • Plant Propagation
    • Tree and Shrub Insect and Diseases
    • Plant Maintenance
    • Turf Insects

24. The Maples of Secrest Arboretum
    Gary W. Graham, James A. Chatfield, and Kenneth D. Cochran
    • Acer buergerianum. Trident Maple.
    • Acer campestre. Hedge maple.
    • Acer x freemanii. Freeman maple.
    • Acer griseum. Paperbark maple.
    • Acer pensylvanicum. Striped maple.
    • Acer pseudosieboldianum. Korean maple.
    • Acer rubrum. Red Maple.
    • Acer rufinerve. Redvein maple.
    • Acer saccharum. Sugar maple.

25. Deck the Halls with Boughs from Ollie!
    Kenneth D. Cochran and James A. Chatfield
    • Evergreen and Deciduous Hollies
    • Landscaping with Hollies
    • Cold Hardiness of Holly
      • Growing Hollies
    • Cultivar Selection
    • Pollination
      • Authors' Choices
      • Ilex opaca (American holly)
      • Ilex glabra (Inkberry holly)
      • Ilex pedunculosa (Longstalk holly)
      • Meserve Hybrid Hollies
      • Ilex verticillata (Michigan winterberry)
      • Ilex crenata (Japanese holly)

Salaries and research support were provided by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Ohio State University Extension of The Ohio State University's College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences. Additional grant support was provided by the organizations and companies listed in the individual research and Extension reports.

The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture, the Agricultural Research Service, The Ohio State University, or the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.