Ohio State University Extension Bulletin

Ohio Organic Producers: Final Survey Results

Special Circular 174-00


Crop and Livestock Production

Field crop, vegetable, fruit, and livestock listings in the questionnaire were selected by the survey committee from the listings used in the national surveys conducted by the Organic Farming Research Foundation. Products not known to be grown in Ohio were left out of the Ohio survey. Eggplant and hogs were inadvertently left out of the listings, although each was written in once by respondents.

Tables 5, 6, and 7 report acreage figures for organically grown field crops, vegetables, and fruits, respectively. During the analysis, it became clear that the average acreage devoted to each vegetable or fruit crop was not as important as the median value since large acreage tended to skew averages upward. Mean or average and median values are based on the number of producers who actually grew the crop. For the horticultural crops, the 75th percentile of acreage was also determined to provide more information. Also, the relative number or percentage of producers actually growing each crop is listed.

Table 5. Acreage Information on Ohio Organic Agronomic Crops.

  All Agronomic Respondents (n=78) Mixed Farms (n=21) Transition Farms (n=13) Totally Organic Farms (n=44)    
  Acres Acres Acres Acres    
Avg. Org. Field Crop Area 120.4 125.4 60.3 139.5    
Median Org. Field Crop Area 73.0 67.5 60.0 75.0    
  % of Farms % of Farms % of Farms % of Farms Average Acres Median Acres
Hay: harvested 55 50 50 59 36 25
Hay: grazed (pasture) 45 40 50 45 22 20
Corn: livestock feed 41 50 30 39 25 16
Soybeans: other 41 50 0 45 91 46
Wheat 36 40 30 36 67 45
Clover 32 30 20 36 47 39
Alfalfa 31 40 30 27 28 20
Corn: other processing 23 10 20 30 40 30
Oats 18 15 10 20 20 18
Spelt 16 10 10 20 61 20
Soybeans: feed 15 15 20 14 30 26
Rye 14 10 0 18 78 19
Hairy Vetch 9 10 0 11 59 25
Popcorn 4 0 0 7 19 19
Sunflowers 4 5 0 5 21 21
Barley 1 0 0 2 4 -
Buckwheat 1 0 0 2 40 -
Dry Beans 1 0 0 2 8 -
Sudex 1 0 0 2 - -
Turnips 1 0 0 2 2 -

Table 6. Acreage Information on Ohio Organic Vegetable Crops.

  All Organic Vegetable Farms (n=73) Mixed Farms (n=12) Transition Farms (n=13) Totally Organic Farms (n=44)      
  Ac Ac Ac Ac      
Avg. Org. Veg. Area 2.56 13.36 1.56 2.55      
Median Org. Veg. Area 0.981 0.76 1.00 1.00      
  % of Farms % of Farms % of Farms % of Farms Average Acres Median Acres 75th Pct Acres
Alliums: onions, garlic, shallots 49 73 43 53 0.233 0.025 0.250
Asparagus 23 55 14 21 0.260 0.023 0.252
Brassicas: cabbage, broccoli, kale 56 91 57 57 0.198 0.023 0.138
Chenopods: beets, chard, spinach 52 73 29 60 0.203 0.021 0.086
Composites: endive, lettuces 47 73 29 60 0.219 0.057 0.319
Curcurbits: cukes, melons, squash 51 64 43 57 0.219 0.057 0.319
Cut Flowers 32 18 14 43 0.352 0.040 0.500
Herbs: culinary and medicinal 48 36 29 62 0.561 0.011 0.031
Market Beans 49 64 14 60 0.910 0.042 0.500
Market Peas 41 55 43 45 0.344 0.046 0.458
Mushrooms 7 9 0 9 *    
Ornamentals: annual or perennial 16 18 14 19 0.718 0.011 0.096
Peppers 62 91 71 64 0.155 0.023 0.087
Potatoes 44 73 29 47 0.314 0.063 0.500
Sweet Corn 45 64 57 47 0.771 0.500 1.00
Tomatoes 66 100 71 68 0.256 0.063 0.209
Umbels 8 9 0 11 0.263 0.021 0.273
* No area calculated -- One producer reported by number of logs inoculated with mushrooms.

Table 7. Acreage Information on Ohio Fruit and Tree Growers.

  All Organic Fruit and Tree Growers (n=30) Mixed Farms (n=9) Transition Farms (n=3) Totally Organic Farms (n=18)      
  Ac Ac Ac Ac      
Average Area 0.868 1.20 0.58 0.73      
Median Area 0.268 0.13 0.58 0.19      
  % of Farms % of Farms % of Farms % of Farms Average Acres Median Acres 75th Pct Acres
Pomes -- apples, pears 53 44 33 61 1.535 0.126 0.551
Brambles 43 56 33 33 0.497 0.069 0.354
Strawberries 33 67 0 22 0.076 0.028 0.041
Blueberries 27 11 0 39 0.209 0.016 0.219
Grape 23 22 33 22 0.512 0.069 0.627
Stone Fruit -- cherries, plums 23 22 0 28 0.173 0.024 0.027
Nut crops 7 22 0 0 3.0 3.0 -
Christmas trees 3 0 0 6 1.0 - -

Two relatively large organic vegetable operations were not included in the acreage figures. One was a grower with 130 acres of organic vegetables, of which 110 acres were processing tomatoes, 10 acres were processing cabbage, and 10 acres were processing peppers. The other farm solely produced herbs on 30 acres.

Hay grown for harvesting is the most frequently grown field crop. Tomatoes, peppers, and brassica crops are the three most frequently grown vegetable groups among organic growers surveyed.


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