Management of Turfgrass Pests
Weeds, Diseases, and Insects
2003

Bulletin L-187

Management of Turf Insects and Other Animals

Insecticide Registrations for Turf Pests

Pesticide Chemical Name	Pounds Active Ingredient/Acre	Remarks
Annual Bluegrass Weevil (=Hyperodes or Listronotus Weevil)
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Not commonly a pest of Ohio golf courses. Apply adult controls when Forsythia is in full bloom to flowering dogwood enters bloom. Larval treatments are usually applied in mid-May to early June.
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07 (adults only)
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1 (adults only)
Chlorpyrifosb	2.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2 (adults only)
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13 (adults only)
Diazinona*	4.0-5.5
Halofenozide*	2.0
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Imidacloprid*	0.3-0.4
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055 (adults only)
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Ants
Abamectin	0.011	Not considered a turf problem in home lawns, merely a nuisance. Colonies should be treated in early spring after first appearing on golf course greens and tees.
Acephateb	(see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1 (0.2 max)
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fenoxycarb	0.01-0.015 (fire ants & bigheaded ants only)
Fipronil	0.00225
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Hydramethylnon	0.015
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Malathionc*	(1.5pt/100gal)d
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Aphids: see Greenbug
Armyworm
Azadirachtin*	0.02-0.43	Treat a first signs of damage. Use a soap flush to disclose populations.
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki*	(0.67-1.67qt/A)
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Halofenozide*	1.0
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Spinosyn*	0.07 (small larvae) 0.4 (large larvae)
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Bermudagrass Mite
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Not a pest of Ohio turf, found in southern states.
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-4.0
Dicofolb	0.46-0.92
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Bluegrass Billbug
Adults
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Control adults when first noticed migrating in April through May. Use pitfall traps to monitor adults or observe on warm, sunny days. Adults lay eggs in turf stems as soon as they become active. Use resistant turfgrasses or endophyte enhanced perennial ryegrass or tall fescue to reduce billbug populations.
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0-4.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Larvae
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Control larvae in last week of May through first three weeks in June. Thatch reduction and good irrigation improve efficacy of insecticides.
Carbaryl*	8.0
Diazinona*	4.0-5.5
Halofenozide*	2.0
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Imidacloprid*	0.3-0.4
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Centipedes
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1	Not a pest of turf. Considered a nuisance pest.
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Chiggers
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Not a pest of turf. Reduce this nuisance pest by mowing turf regularly, eliminating weedy areas and eliminate mice and voles.
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-4.0
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055
Chinch Bugs
Acephateb	2.4-5.0	Overwintering adults can be reduced from late March to early May for season-long control. Spring generation nymphs can be treated in mid-June Summer generation nymphs can be treated in mid- to late August. Plant resistant turfgrasses especially perennial ryegrass or turf-type tall fescue containing endophyte, reduce use of fine (red) fescue in sunny areas, and reduce thatch.
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-01
Carbaryl*	6.0-8.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.0
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Imidacloprid*	0.40 (suppression only)
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A) (suppression only)
Clover Mite
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1	Damage appears as "frosted" turf in late fall and early spring. Treat when mites are active.
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Dicofol	0.46-0.92
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Collembola (Springtail)
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0	Not a pest of turf. A beneficial group of insects occasionally considered nuisance pests.
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	4.0-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Crane Fly Larvae
European Crane Fly
Carbaryl*	8.0	Not present in Ohio. This is a pest of turf in the Pacific Northwest.
Chlorpyrifosb	1.5
Diazinona*	2.7
General Crane Fly
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1	Native crane fly larvae may damage turf in early spring and summer. Treat areas when larvae are present.
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Crickets
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Not a pest of turf. Considered a nuisance pest.
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Cutworms
Acephateb	2.4-5.0	Black and variegated cutworms are the most common pests in Ohio lawns. Black cutworms and yellowstriped or fall armyworms are common on Ohio golf courses. Treat when larvae are noticed. Use a soap flush to detect the larvae. Light traps and pheromone traps can be used to monitor adult activity. Bronzed cutworms are spring and early summer pests. Detect larvae in March to mid-May. Best efficacy is achieved by spraying late in the day and not irrigating, but follow label directions for irrigation.
Azadirachtin*	0.02-0.43
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Halofenozide*	1.0
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Imidacloprid*	0.3-0.4 (suppression only)
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Spinosyn*	0.24 (small larvae) 0.4 (large larvae)
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Trichlorfon*	5.4-8.0
Earwigs
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07	Not a pest of turf. Considered a beneficial predator unless high populations become a nuisance.
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Fall Armyworm
Acephateb	1.0-2.4	Treat like armyworms or cutworms.
Azadirachtin*	0.02-0.43
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Halofenozide*	1.0
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Spinosyn*	0.07 (small larvae) 0.4 (large larvae)
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Flea Beetles
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13	Not a common pest of turf. Considered a nuisance pest.
Fleas
Acephateb	2.4-5.0	Not a pest of turf. Larvae feed and develop on organic material found in turf and soil. Biting adults are considered a nuisance. Generally, the house, pets and outside have to be treated together to achieve satisfactory control.
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1 (adults) 0.1 (larvae)
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	1.7-4.0
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055 (adults only)
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Spinosyn*	0.4
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A) (larvae & pupae only)
Frit Fly
Diazinona*	5.5	An occasional pest of golf course turf. Treat when seed heads begin to form.
Gnats
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0	Not a pest of turf. Considered a nuisance pest.
Grasshoppers
Acephateb	1.0	Rarely damages turf in Ohio. Usually considered a nuisance.
Beauveria bassiana JW-1	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Greenbug (Aphids)
Acephateb	1.0	Look for yellowing turf in June through August. Populations may persist into late fall.
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Ground Beetles
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87	Not a pest of turf. Considered beneficial predators which may become a nuisance.
Ground Pearls
Malathionc	(3-4qt/100gal)d	Not a pest of Ohio turf. A southern pest of turf roots.
Grubworm: see White Grub Control
Hyperodes Weevil: see Annual Bluegrass Weevil
Isopod (Pillbug or Sowbug)
Beauveria bassiana JW-1	(biological, see label)	Not a normal pest of turf. Occasionally can attack new seedling plants. Considered a nuisance pest.
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	4.0-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Leafhopper
Acephateb	2.1	Not a major pest of turf though large populations may be noted during the summer months. Considered a nuisance pest.
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	1.7-2.7
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Millipedes
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Not a normal pest of turf. Usually considered a beneficial scavenger which may become a nuisance.
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Diazinona*	4.0-11.0
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cylahothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Mole Crickets
Acephateb	2.0-4.0	Not a normal pest of Ohio turf. Imported mole crickets are pests of southern turf. Native mole crickets may be found in Ohio turf near wetlands.
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1 (0.2 max)
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	6.0-8.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fipronil	0.0125-0.025 (golf course & commercial grounds only)
Imidacloprid*	0.4
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Steinernema riobravis	(1.0 bill/A)
Steinernema scapterisci	(1.0 bill/A)
Mosquitos
Adult
Carbaryl	2.0-4.0	Not a pest of turf. Keep turf and weeds mowed to discourage adults from hiding during the day.
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Larvae
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis*		Apply granules to temporary water pools where mosquitoes breed.
Pillbug: see Isopod
Rhodesgrass Mealybug (=Scale)
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1	Not a pest of Ohio turf. A southern turf pest.
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona	6.8
Slug and Snail
Metaldehyde	(1.0lb/1000ft2)d	Occasionally a pest of newly seeded turf. Normally considered a nuisance pest.
Sod Webworms
Acephateb	1.0-2.1	Treat when damage from larvae is noticed. Adult activity does not indicate damage from larvae will happen. Use a soap flush to detect larvae. Most damage occurs in spring and early summer though the adults are common in the fall. The cranberry girdler sod webworm should be treated in late August through September.
Azadirachtin*	0.02-0.43
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki*	(0.67-1.67qt/A)
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07
Bifenthrine*	0.05
Carbaryl*	6.0-8.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	2.7-5.5
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Halofenozide*	1.0
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(0.6-1.0 bill./A)
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Spinosyn*	0.07
Steinernema carpocapsae*	(1.0 bill./A)
Trichlorfon*	5.4-8.0
Snail: see Slug and Snail
Sowbug: see Isopod
Spiders
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray	Not a pest of turf. Considered a beneficial predator which may become a nuisance pest.
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Spittlebugs
Acephateb	2.0-4.0	Not a normal pest of Ohio turf. A pest of southern turfs.
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Springtail: see Collembola
Ticks
Brown Dog Tick
Diazinona*	1.7-4.0	Not a pest of turf. Considered a nuisance pest
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
General Ticks
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07	To reduce tick populations, mow turf and weedy areas regularly, eliminate mice, voles and wild animals. Treat infested pets regularly.
Bifenthrine*	0.1
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.1-0.2
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Fluvalinate	0.05-0.16
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Deer Tick
Carbaryl*	1.0-2.0	The deer tick is not a normal resident of Ohio.
Wasps
Solitary Wasps Cicada Killer Wasp Digger Wasps		Not a pest of turf though the adults may make small piles of soil in turf. These beneficial predators or parasites are often considered nuisance pests.
Acephateb	(see label)
Carbaryl*	4.0
Cypermethrinc	1-2% spray
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13
Diazinona*	5.5
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
White Grubs
Japanese Beetle (JB) Masked Chafers European Chafer Asiatic Garden Beetle Oriental Beetle		Effective grub control requires accurate timing of applications to kill the most susceptible, small grubs. For most of the "annual" grubs (Japanese beetle, masked chafers, European chafer, Asiatic garden beetle and Oriental beetle) in Ohio, the best treatment time is the first three weeks of August.
Bacillus popilliae*	(Japanese Beetle Only)	Only certain insecticides are effective for late season (September and October) or spring grub control. Try diazinon, carbaryl, or trichlorfon for rescue treatments. If the product does not work, switch to another product. Reducing thatch and thorough irrigation after making a treatment will increase the chances of success. Halofenozide and imidacloprid applications appear to have 80 to 100 days of residual control activity in the soil-thatch interface (where white grubs feed). These products have been effective when applied in late May into early August for control of the current season's brood of white grubs.
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.046-0.07 (JB adults only)
Bifenthrine*	0.1 (adults only)
Carbaryl*	8.0
Chlorpyrifosb	2.0-4.0
Cyfluthrine*	0.2 (JB adults only)
Deltamethrine*	0.08-0.13 (JB adults only)
Diazinona*	4.0-5.5
Halofenozide*	2.0
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora*	(1.0-1.5 bill./A)
Imidacloprid*	0.3-0.4
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055 (suppression)
Permethrinc*	0.44-0.87
Steinernema glaseri*	(0.5 bill./A)
Trichlorfon*	8.0
May/June Beetles, Phyllophaga spp.
Carbaryl*	8.0
Halofenozide*	2.0
Imidacloprid*	0.3
Trichlorfon*	8.0
Black Turfgrass Ataenius
Acephate*	3.0-4.0	Adults may be controlled when either Horse Chestnut or Vanhoutte Spirea are in full bloom, usually about May 5-15. Larvae should be treated about June 10-20.
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)
Beta-cyfluthrinc	0.07 (adults)
Bifenthrine*	0.05-0.1 (adults)
Chlorpyrifosb	2.0-4.0
Halofenozide*	2.0
Imidacloprid*	0.3-0.4
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.055 (adults)
Trichlorfon*	8.0
Spinosyn*	0.4 (adults)
Aphodius Beetle
Halofenozide*	1.5
Green June Beetle
Beauveria bassiana JW-1*	(biological, see label)	Larvae are most active after rains in late August through September. Irrigate before and after an application to keep the grubs near the surface. Larval control in the early spring is difficult to achieve.
Carbaryl*	2.0-4.0
Halofenozide*	2.0
Trichlorfon*	8.0
Winter Grain Mite
Bifenthrine*	0.04-0.09	Mites hatch from eggs which have spent the summer at the base of turf plants. The first generation is active from November through January. Control may be needed for the second generation in March.
Chlorpyrifosb	1.0
Lambda-cyhalothrine*	0.027-0.055
a Not registered for use on golf courses or sod farms. b Not to be used on residential turf. c For home lawns only. d Actual formulation. e Different trade names exist for golf course/sod farms and other turf areas. * Product(s) exist for homeowner use.