For no-till, the best time to plant wheat in Ohio is a time period starting on the Hessian Fly-Safe Date and lasting about 10 days. Optimum planting dates will vary among growing seasons, depending on weather conditions, soil temperature, and tillage system used. This planting period will permit the development of plants with three to four tillers prior to winter dormancy, which is optimum for winter survival. Delaying planting until this time period avoids damage from the Hessian fly, reduces the chance of aphids transmitting barley yellow dwarf virus, and also reduces the risk of wheat yellow mosaic, a virus transmitted by a soil-borne fungus. Delayed planting also prevents fall infections by leaf rust, powdery mildew, and Stagonospora leaf blotch. All of these diseases can overwinter on wheat and cause serious disease problems the following spring when plants are infected in the fall.