Ohio State University Extension Bulletin

Incubation and Embryonic Development

Bulletin 633


Selection and Care of Hatching Eggs

Obtaining Hatching Eggs

Obtaining fertile eggs may present a problem. Most of the eggs in food stores are not fertile. Contact your county Extension office for suggestions. Table 1 provides information about hatcheries in Ohio that may provide hatching eggs. It is best for you to pick up the eggs instead of having them shipped or mailed. Eggs often are broken during shipment, or temperatures are unfavorable.

Table 1. Possible sources of fertile chicken eggs in Ohio.

  Carey FarmsMarion, Inc.
3252 Mt. Olive-Agosta Rd.
Marion, OH 43302
740-528-2430
  Meyer Hatchery
626 St. Rt. 89
Polk, OH 44866
419-945-2651
  The Ohio State University
674 West Lane Ave.
Columbus, OH 43210
614-688-3239
  EagleNest Poultry
Box 504
Oceola, OH 44860
419-562-1993
  Mt. Healthy Hatchery
9839 Winton Rd.
Cincinnati, OH 45231
513-521-6900
  Ridgway Hatchery
615 N. High Street
LaRue, OH 43332
740-499-2163

Before you begin the project, decide what you will do with the chicks that hatch. Do not hatch chicks and then abandon them or give them to someone who is unable to care for them properly.

Care of Eggs Before Incubation Begins

Fertile eggs should be incubated within 7 days after they are laid. The number of eggs that hatch begins to decrease if held too long. If it is necessary to hold the eggs before incubation, keep them at a temperature of 50 to 65 degrees F. Refrigerator temperatures (around 45 degrees F) will kill the embryo. The embryo may resume development if the temperature is above 75 degrees F. It is best to have an incubator ready for the eggs when you pick them up. Plan to begin incubation of the eggs so that they will hatch at a time when children will be able to observe the process, if that is the objective. Late Wednesday afternoon is a good time so that they will hatch during a school week. The hatch of chicken eggs should be completed by Thursday morning three weeks later. The eggs from other species of birds require different lengths of time to hatch (Table 2).

Table 2. Incubation period for different species of birds.

Species
Days
Coturnix quail
17
Chicken
21
Pheasant
23-28
Duck
28
Guinea
28
Turkey
28
Peafowl
28-30
Goose
28-34
Muscovey duck
35-37
Ostrich
42

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